定义1:由一根或多根相互绝缘的导体和外包绝缘保护层制成，将电力或信息从一处传输到另-处的导线。 定义2:通常是由几根或几组导线(每组至少两根)绞合而成的类似绳索的电缆，每组导线之间相互绝缘，并常围绕着-根中心扭成， 整个外面包有高度绝缘的覆盖层。电缆具有内通电，外绝缘的特征。 分类 电缆有电力电缆、控制电缆、补偿电缆、屏蔽电缆、高温电缆、计算机电缆、信号电缆、同轴电缆、耐火电缆、船用电缆、矿用电缆、铝合金电缆等等。它们都是由单股或多股导线和绝缘层组成，用来连接电路、电器等。 电缆按照光伏电站的系统可分为直流电缆及交流电缆,根据用途及使用环境的不同分类如下: 1.直流电缆 (1)组件与组件之间的串联电缆。 (2)组串之间及其组串至直流配电箱(汇流箱)之间的并联电缆。 (3)直流配电箱至逆变器之间电缆。 以上电缆均为直流电缆，户外敷设较多,需防潮、防暴晒、耐寒、耐热、抗紫外线，某些特殊的环境下还需防酸碱等化学物质。 2.交流电缆 (1)逆变器至升压变压器的连接电缆。 (2)升压变压器至配电装置的连接电缆。 (3)配电装置至电网或用户的连接电缆。 此部分电缆为交流负荷电缆，户内环境敷设较多，可按照-般电力电缆选型要求选择。 Definition 1: A wire made of one or more mutually insulated conductors and an external insulation protective layer that transmits power or information from one location to another. Definition 2: It is usually a cable similar to a rope formed by twisting several wires or groups of wires (at least two in each group), with each group of wires insulated from each other and often twisted around the center of each wire. The entire outer layer is covered with a highly insulated layer. Cables have the characteristics of internal electrification and external insulation. classification Cables include power cables, control cables, compensation cables, shielded cables, high-temperature cables, computer cables, signal cables, coaxial cables, fire-resistant cables, marine cables, mining cables, aluminum alloy cables, and so on. They are all composed of single or multiple wires and insulation layers, used to connect circuits, electrical appliances, etc. According to the system of photovoltaic power plants, cables can be divided into DC cables and AC cables. According to different purposes and usage environments, they are classified as follows: 1. DC cable (1) Tandem cables between components. (2) Parallel cables between strings and between strings and DC distribution boxes (combiner boxes). (3) Cable from DC distribution box to inverter. The above cables are all DC cables, which are often laid outdoors and require moisture resistance, exposure to sunlight, cold resistance, heat resistance, and UV resistance. In some special environments, they also need to be resistant to chemicals such as acid and alkali. 2. AC cable (1) The connecting cable from the inverter to the step-up transformer. (2) Connection cable from step-up transformer to distribution device. (3) The connecting cable from the power distribution device to the power grid or users. This part of the cable is an AC load cable, which is commonly laid in indoor environments. It can be selected according to the general requirements for power cable selection.
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